We could put it directly in the formula, but using variables will allow us to change the values more easily. ... ** is also the exponent operator in Python. So x² in Python is written as x**2.

Python dataclasses can make your Python classes less verbose and more powerful at the same time. Here's an introduction to using dataclasses in your Python programs.

The other is to store values to match as keys in a dictionary, then use the values to take an action—e.g., store a function as a value and use the key or some other variable as input.