Ever wonder how Earth scientists examine rocks? We cut them up and throw them under a microscope ... and then everything ...

Mysterious tunnels in desert rocks may be the work of unknown microbes, hinting at a hidden world inside marble and limestone ...

Minerals are typically formed when molten rock, or magma, cools, or by separating out of mineral-rich water, such as that in underground caverns. In general, mineral particles are small ...

Rocks and minerals hold precious clues about how Earth formed and evolved over billions of years — but what is the difference between the two? In essence, rocks are aggregates of two or more ...

Critical minerals are in demand around the world for military, technological and other uses. A geoscientist shares what’s known about Ukraine’s reserves, which could help the country recover from war ...