Gross domestic product in the eurozone’s largest economy declined 0.2 percent last year, according to preliminary figures from federal statistics agency Destatis, coming after a 0.3 percent contraction in 2023.

Germany’s economy contracted for the second consecutive year in 2024 as cautious consumers curtailed spending even as competition from China eroded the country’s traditional export markets, particularly cars and industrial machinery. The development highlights the challenges the next government will face after the snap elections in February.