ECAR was measured under basal conditions followed by consecutive addition of glucose (10 mM) to induce glycolysis, oligomycin (1 μM) to inhibit ATP production in OXPHOS, and 2-DG ... supplemented with ...

Cells were lysed with RIPA buffer (Thermo Scientific) containing protease and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche ... and incubated overnight with OXPHOS (1:1000, Abcam, ab110413) and human beta-actin ...