Bile reflux is similar to acid reflux in which stomach acids seep from the stomach into the esophagus because of a dysfunctional muscle (the lower esophageal sphincter). An intestinal blockage occurs ...

A study shows that the semi-synthetic bile acid NorUDCA inhibits in the intestine the formation of pro-inflammatory T helper 17 cells (TH17) and at the same time promotes the generation of anti ...

One of the hallmarks of UC is a deficiency in certain bile acids (BAs), molecules that help digest fats and regulate gut health. These molecules are produced by the liver, and then further ...

Modern structural analyses have revealed that these modifications significantly influence receptor binding affinity and specificity, particularly for key receptors such as FXR and TGR5 (2, 3). The ...

Clostridium scindens acts as a promising biotherapeutic to restore bile acid (BA) homeostasis, which is altered in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Its 7α-dehydroxylated BA products alleviate disease ...

We measured lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), intestinal fatty acid ... some of which have been linked to HF pathogenesis (e.g., TMAO) (29). Certain amino acid metabolites and bile ...